Coping Mechanisms Used by Women Experiencing Perinatal Depressive Symptoms in Namibia: A Qualitative Study
Saara Hatupopi
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Women experiencing perinatal depressive symptoms may draw on faith, personal efforts, everyday activities, and trusted relationships to manage emotional distress. Understanding these practices can inform culturally responsive care while helping healthcare providers identify when additional support is needed.
Aim: To explore the coping mechanisms described by women experiencing perinatal depressive symptoms in Namibia.
Methods: This focused qualitative analysis used interview data from 21 women (14 antenatal and 7 postnatal) who scored 10 or higher on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 6 primary healthcare facilities in Windhoek, Namibia. The EPDS was used for screening, not diagnosis. Semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded with consent and analysed inductively.
Results: Two themes were developed: drawing on faith and personal strength to manage distress and managing distress through everyday activities and trusted relationships. Four subthemes concerned faith, positive self-talk and self-reliance, keeping occupied, and seeking reassurance from trusted people. Although participants described these practices as sources of comfort, hope or distraction, some continued to experience distress and limited support.
Conclusion: Participants described combining spiritual, personal, every day, and interpersonal resources to manage emotional distress. Perinatal mental healthcare should recognise these resources while avoiding assumptions that they are effective for every woman or can replace appropriate assessment, treatment, or referral.